Audits of financial statements

Audit (13)

  • Definition
    • Independent review of entity’s financial statement
  • Objectives
    • To provide an opinion on fairness and reliability of the financial statements
  • The auditor 
    • Examine company’s accounting and internal control system
    • Confirm asset and liabilities
    • Make sure no error

Standard auditor’s opinion (14) contains 3 parts and states that

  • 1: Auditor has performed an independent review 
  • 2: Accepted auditing standard were followed
  • 3: The auditor is satisfied that the statement were prepared
    • Accordance with accepted accounting principles 
    • Principle and estimates made are reasonable
    • With explanation when accounting methods have not used consistently between two periods
  • Type of opinions
    • Unqualified opinion
      • Auditor believes the statements are free from material omission and errors
    • Qualified opinion
      • If the statement make and exceptions to accounting principles
      • Explain these exception
    • Adverse opinion
      • The statement is not presented fairly or materially non-conforming with accounting standards
    • Disclaimer of opinion
      • The auditor is unable to express an opinion
  • Going concern assumption 
    • When a material loss is probable but the amount cannot be reasonably estimated
    • Assumption that the company will continue to operate in foreseeable future

Internal control (15)

  • Is the process by which companies ensures that it presents accurate financial statements
  • The auditor must express his opinion on the firm’s internal control